Structural reforms announced in both the Vision 2030 and the National Transformation Program (NTP 2020) will have major implications on the Kingdoms trade and financial flows, with a dramatic shift in the balance of payments over the next fifteen years. This report highlights how the implementation of reforms stipulated in both programs will move the economy away from oil, whilst, simultaneously, contributing to a competitive and productive private sector, which will attract foreign capital and contribute to further knowledge exchange, investment, and employment.